Ph. D: 1990, Department of Leisure Studies and Services,University of Oregon
Emphasis: Leisure Behavior for People with Disabilities
Dissertation Topic: A phenomenological approach to investigating immediate leisure experience.

MS: 1985, Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
Emphasis: Sport Behavior
Thesis Topic: A study on the concepts of work and leisure from a social psychological perspective.

BS: 1982, Korean National College of Physical Education